Iyunade Grace
The United Nations General Assembly has recognized the transatlantic slave trade as “the gravest crime against humanity” in a historic vote. The resolution, proposed by Ghana, was adopted with 123 votes in favor, three against, and 52 abstentions. The US, Israel, and Argentina voted against the resolution, while the UK and EU member states abstained.
The resolution acknowledges the devastating impact of the slave trade on Africans and people of African descent, citing the “definitive break in world history, scale, duration, systemic nature, brutality, and enduring consequences” of the crime. It also recognizes the ongoing effects of slavery, including racial inequalities and underdevelopment.
Ghana’s President John Mahama, a key advocate for the resolution, stated that the vote serves as a safeguard against forgetting the atrocities of the past. He emphasized the need for healing and reparative justice, saying, “Today, we come together in solemn solidarity to affirm truth and pursue a route to healing and reparative justice.
The resolution calls for member states to engage in dialogue on reparatory justice, including formal apologies, restitution, compensation, rehabilitation, and guarantees of non-repetition. It also urges reforms in laws, policies, and institutions to address racism and systemic discrimination.
The US opposed the resolution, arguing that it creates a “hierarchy” of crimes against humanity and does not recognize a legal right to reparations for historical wrongs. The UK and EU member states abstained, citing concerns about the resolution’s language and potential implications.
The transatlantic slave trade, which occurred between the 15th and 19th centuries, resulted in the forced transportation of 12-15 million Africans to the Americas, with millions dying during the journey. The resolution acknowledges the profound and lasting impacts of this crime on individuals, communities, and societies.
The vote is seen as a significant step towards acknowledging the historical injustices of slavery and addressing ongoing racial disparities. However, some critics argue that the resolution does not go far enough in providing concrete actions or accountability.
Ghana’s Foreign Minister Samuel Ablakwa emphasized that the resolution is not about ranking pain or seeking revenge, but about documenting historical facts and seeking justice. He stated, “We are demanding compensation – and let us be clear, African leaders are not asking for money for themselves.
The resolution also calls for the return of cultural artifacts stolen during the colonial era to their countries of origin. This is seen as a step towards restorative justice and reconciliation.
The UN Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, hailed the resolution as a significant step towards confronting slavery’s lasting legacies of inequality and racism. He emphasized the need for “far bolder action” to address these issues.
The resolution is not legally binding, but it carries significant moral and political weight as a reflection of global opinion. It is expected to pave the way for further discussions on reparations and restorative justice.
